Advancing Lifelong Learning for Workforce Development in Nigeria: Addressing Skills Gaps and Technological Disruptions in the Digital Era

Abstract

Lifelong learning is increasingly recognized as a critical strategy for workforce resilience in the context of automation, artificial intelligence, and digital economies. In Nigeria, rapid population growth, high levels of informal employment, and expanding digital markets intensify the need for systematic approaches to workforce development. This paper examines the role of lifelong learning in addressing Nigeria’s workforce challenges, focusing on skills gaps, technological disruptions, and opportunities for inclusive economic transformation. It aims to assess existing initiatives, highlight challenges, and propose actionable strategies.The study employs a conceptual and policy analysis approach, drawing on global frameworks (UNESCO, OECD, ILO) and Nigeria-specific evidence. Case studies of Andela, Decagon, Lagos State Employment Trust Fund (LSETF), and NITDA’s Coursera partnership are used to illustrate practical models of lifelong learning in action. Findings reveal persistent skills mismatches, inadequate recognition of informal learning, infrastructural deficits, and fragile private training models. However, successful interventions demonstrate the potential of blended learning hubs, micro-credentials, employer partnerships, and digital platforms to expand access and improve employability. Institutionalizing a coherent lifelong learning framework anchored on recognition of prior learning, sustainable financing, labour-market intelligence, and inclusive delivery models is essential for translating Nigeria’s demographic dividend into productive and equitable workforce outcomes. Strategic public–private partnerships and targeted inclusion policies will be central to success