Tribal-discussion depicted in 'Dhanuratnomi' poetry collection

Abstract

The word Adivasi is made up of two words, Aadi and Vasi. Adi means 'original' and 'vasi' means resident. Tribal refers to the original inhabitants of the earth who live in dense forests, high mountains and inaccessible valleys. Tribals are those who live in remote places in the mountains and forests, away from the civilized world, use the same tribal dialect and mostly eat meat and live in semi-nude condition. The literal meaning of tribal is the caste living in the country since time immemorial.
India is a country of cultural diversities. Different castes reside here. In which tribals have an important place. Tribals are the symbol of our ancient culture, who have lagged behind due to being separated from the society. Today the tribal society is passing through a difficult phase of crisis. The problems of water, forest and land, problems of folk culture, problems related to education, health and women are becoming serious day by day.
In India, tribals are called by many names such as aborigines, indigenous, deshaj, natives, tribes, forest dwellers, jungles, girijans, barbarians etc.
Prof. Bir Bharat Talwar has made four categories of tribal related literature- 1. There are some writers who have little and superficial knowledge about the tribal society and at the same time are obsessed with their Savarna Hindu rituals, their socio-cultural Suffer from prejudices and portray the tribal society from the same point of view.
2. The second category is of those writers who have been close to the tribals for a long time and have full sympathy with them, are also somewhat aware of their society, their main tendency is to portray the oppression, exploitation and oppression of the tribals and their economic, To raise political problems.
3. Literature of those authors who have lived among the tribals for a long time, who have seen their good and bad and tried to understand their tendencies. 4. The fourth category is the literature written by the tribals themselves. It does not matter whether they wrote it in their native languages ​​or in Hindi, Bengali or other regional languages.
Out of these four categories, Veer Bharat Talwar considers only the fourth category as authentic tribal literature and the remaining three categories as tribal related literature. Sushila Samad is the first name in Hindi tribal poetry, but after that there is a lack of continuity. That's why we can consider the beginning of contemporary Hindi tribal poetry from the poems of Ramdayal Munda. Who has written poems in Hindi along with Mundari.
The tradition of tribal literature can be understood by dividing it into three parts-
1. Ancestral Literature
2. Tradition of literature written in tribal languages
3. Contemporary tribal writings.
According to Dr. Ramanika Gupta - "A tribal cannot live without forest, land, without their language, lifestyle, values. Tribal is the native of this country."
According to Krober - "People have a relation with the primitive tribe, life has a common culture of its own."